The Grimké Sisters, Abolitionists From South Carolina

The Grimkà © sisters, Sarah and Angelina, became leading activists for the abolitionist cause in the 1830s. Their writings attracted a wide following and they drew attention, and threats, for their speaking engagements. The Grimkà ©s spoke out on the highly controversial issues of slavery in America at a time when women were not expected to become involved in politics. Yet the Grimkà ©s were no mere novelty. They were highly intelligent and passionate characters on the public stage, and they presented a vivid testimony against slavery in the decade before Frederick Douglass would arrive on the scene and electrify anti-slavery audiences. The sisters had particular credibility as they were natives of South Carolina and came from a slave-owning family considered part of the aristocracy of the city of Charleston. The Grimkà ©s could criticize slavery not as outsiders, but as people who, while having benefited from it, ultimately came to see it as an evil system degrading to both masters and slaves. Though the Grimkà © sisters had faded from public view by the 1850s, mostly by choice, and they became involved in various other social causes. Among American reformers, they were respected role models. And there is no denying their important role in conveying abolitionist principles in the early stages of the movement in America. They were instrumental in bringing women into the movement, and in creating within the abolitionist cause a platform from which to launch a movement for womens rights. Early Life of the Grimkà © Sisters Sarah Moore Grimkà © was born November 29, 1792, in Charleston, South Carolina. Her younger sister, Angelina Emily Grimkà ©, was born 12 years later, on February 20, 1805. Their family was prominent in Charleston society, and their father, John Fauchereau Grimkà ©, had been a colonel in the Revolutionary War and was a judge on South Carolinas highest court. The Grimkà © family was very wealthy and enjoyed a luxurious lifestyle which included the owning of slaves. In 1818, Judge Grimkà © became ill and it was determined he should see a doctor in Philadelphia. Sarah, who was 26, was chosen to accompany him. While in Philadelphia Sarah had some encounters with Quakers, who were very active in the campaign against slavery and the beginnings of what would become known as the Underground Railroad. The trip to a northern city was the most important event in her life. She had always been uncomfortable with slavery, and the anti-slavery perspective of the Quakers convinced her that it was a great moral wrong. Her father died, and Sarah sailed back to South Carolina with a newfound belief in ending slavery. Back in Charleston, she felt out of step with local society. By  1821 she had moved to Philadelphia permanently, intent on living in a society without slavery. Her younger sister, Angelina, remained in Charleston, and the two sisters corresponded regularly. Angelina also picked up anti-slavery ideas. The sisters had inherited slaves from their father, which they freed. In 1829 Angelina left Charleston. She would never return. Reunited with her sister Sarah in Philadelphia, the two women became active in the Quaker community. They often visited prisons, hospitals, and institutions for the poor, and had a heartfelt interest in social reforms. The Grimkà © Sisters Joined the Abolitionists The sisters spent the early 1830s following a quiet life of religious service, but they were becoming more interested in the cause of abolishing slavery. In 1835 Angelina Grimkà © wrote an impassioned letter to William Lloyd Garrison, the abolitionist activist, and editor. Garrison, to Angelinas surprise, and to the consternation of her older sister, published the letter in his newspaper, The Liberator. Some of the Quaker friends of the sister were also upset at Angelina having publicly announced a desire for the emancipation of American slaves. But Angelina was inspired to continue. In 1836 Angelina published a 36-page booklet titled An Appeal to the Christian Women of the South. The text was deeply religious and drew upon Biblical passages to show the immorality of slavery. Her strategy was a direct affront to religious leaders in the South who had been using scripture to argue that slavery was actually Gods plan for the United States, and that slavery was essentially blessed. The reaction in South Carolina was intense, and Angelina was threatened with prosecution if she ever returned to her native state. Following the publication of Angelinas booklet, the sisters traveled to New York City and addressed a meeting of the American Anti-Slavery Society. They also spoke to gatherings of women, and before long they were touring New England, speaking for the abolitionist cause. Popular On the Lecture Circuit Becoming known as the Grimkà © Sisters, the two women were a popular draw on the public speaking circuit. An article in the Vermont Phoenix on July 21, 1837 described an appearance by The Misses Grimkà ©, from South Carolina, before the Boston Female Anti-Slavery Society. Angelina spoke first, talking for nearly an hour. As the newspaper described it: Slavery in all its relations — moral, social, political and religious was commented upon with radical and stern severity — and the fair lecturer showed neither quarter to the system, nor mercy to its supporters. Still she did not bestow a title of her indignation upon the South. The Northern press and the Northern pulpit — Northern representatives, Northern merchants, and the Northern people, came in for her most bitter reproach and most pointed sarcasm. The detailed newspaper report noted that Angelina Grimkà © began by talking about the active slave trade conducted in the District of Columbia. And she urged women to protest the governments complicity in slavery. She then spoke about slavery as a broadly based American problem. While the institution of slavery existed in the South, she noted that northern politicians indulged it, and northern business people invested in businesses which depended on slave labor. She essentially indicted all of America for the evils of slavery. After Angelina spoke at the Boston meeting, her sister Sarah followed her on the podium. The newspaper mentioned that Sarah spoke in an affecting manner about religion, and ended by noting that the sisters were exiles. Sarah said she had received a letter informing her she could never again live in South Carolina as abolitionists would not be allowed within the states borders. Theres little doubt the sisters would have been in peril had they visited South Carolina. In 1835 abolitionists, sensing it was too dangerous to send emissaries into the slave states, began mailing anti-slavery pamphlets to southern addresses. The pamphlet campaign resulted in sacks of mail being seized by mobs in South Carolina and the pamphlets being burned in the street. Controversy Followed the Grimkà © Sisters A backlash developed against the Grimkà © Sisters, and at one point a group of ministers in Massachusetts issued a pastoral letter condemning their activities. Some newspaper accounts of their speeches treated them with obvious condescension. In 1838 they stopped their public speaking, though both sisters would remain involved in reform causes for the rest of their lives. Angelina married a fellow abolitionist and reformer, Theodore Weld, and they eventually founded a progressive school, Eagleswood, in New Jersey. Sarah Grimkà ©, who also married, taught at the school, and the sisters kept busy publishing articles and books focused on the causes of ending slavery and promoting womens rights. Sarah died in Massachusetts on December 23, 1873, after a long illness. William Lloyd Garrison spoke at her funeral services. Angelina Grimkà © Weld died on October 26, 1879. The famed abolitionist Wendell Phillips spoke of her at her funeral: When I think of Angelina there comes to me the picture of the spotless dove in the tempest, as she battles with the storm, seeking for some place to rest her foot. Sources Veney, Cassandra R. Abolitionism.  New Dictionary of the History of Ideas, edited by Maryanne Cline Horowitz, vol. 1, Charles Scribners Sons, 2005, pp. 1-4Byers,  Inzer, Grimkà ©, Sarah Moore.  American Women Writers: A Critical Reference Guide from Colonial Times to the Present:  A Critical Reference Guide from Colonial Times to the Present, edited by Taryn Benbow-Pfalzgraf, 2nd ed., vol. 2, St. James Press, 2000, pp. 150-151.Byers, Inzer, GrimkÉ (Weld), Angelina (Emily).  American Women Writers: A Critical Reference Guide from Colonial Times to the Present:  A Critical Reference Guide from Colonial Times to the Present, edited by Taryn Benbow-Pfalzgraf, 2nd ed., vol. 2, St. James Press, 2000, pp. 149-150.

Nutrition and Fitness in Controlling Diabetes and...

The purpose of this paper is to provide information about nutrition and exercise in respect to the effects these two issues have on the maintenance of homeostasis of the body. For example, this student participated in a three week exercise, in which she set nutrition and exercise goals to restore and improve her overall health and homeostasis. Her goals included a dietary goal of eating three healthy meals a day rather than one meal and snacking on junk foods the rest of the time. In addition, set an exercise goal of walking around her neighborhood two to three times a week to restore, improve, and maintain her muscle tone and function ability due to sedentary levels of activity. While she has been consistent with achieving her dietary†¦show more content†¦This causes body to begin using fat as the main source of energy producing ketones. As the ketones build up in the blood they spill over into the urine and kidneys and can cause the person to lose consciousness or even die (American Diabetic Association, 1995-2011). Heart disease, retinopathy, neuropathy, bone, joint and kidney issue (to name a few) are other diabetic related condition that can result from uncontrolled blood sugar level. Therefore, it is extremely important for this student to control her blood glucose. She can do this by consuming the correct amount of calories (e.g. fat, carbohydrates, and protein) each day. Upon researching the recommended daily allowance (RDA) of calories to see if this student met the RDA in her calorie consumption the this exercise (e.g. average daily calories 1,675, protein 52g, fat 49g, and carbohydrates 284g). For her to know RDA calories she should consume daily, she found a calorie calculator. 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Business Economics Changes in UK

Question: Story 1 A firm that is either merging, attempting to take over other firms or diversifying. Story 2 A firm that is being affected by change with respect to at least one of the following general external environmental factors: political, economic, social, technological, legal or ethical/environmental, i.e. affected by changes in at least one of the general PESTLE environmental factors. Story 3 A firm that is being affected by changes in the microeconomic environment; there is change in at least one of the operating environmental categories that is specific to the identified firm, eg. changes with respect to Customers, Competitors, Complementors, or Suppliers. You should clearly describe each story and demonstrate an ability to apply relevant microeconomic and/or macroeconomic concepts in a real world context; your report should analyse each firms situation from a business economists viewpoint as you explain the context, rationale and implications of the story about the firm? Answer: Introduction Recently there have been a lot of changes in UK in various factors starting from mergers and amalgamation to the microeconomic changes. This assignment will focus on three firms. First, Aviva for mergers and acquisition second is Bank of England for the economical analysis and finally is Aer Lingus for micro-economic changes in business environment due to competition. (Baye, 2000). Story 1 Aviva is one of UKs biggest insurers, which posted that 6% rise to 2.17bn, which has reportedly induced smaller rivals to jump 38% to 556m regardless to the new rules of pension which triggered collapse to the annuity sales. After the 5.6bn takeover, Friends Life brand will disappear which will by then bring cost savings of 225m in part, in the course of 1500 job losses (Beattie, Fearnley and Hines, 2013). Both the insurance firms, Friends Life and Aviva have both profits before the 5.6bn takeover, which was anticipated to be approved later this month by the shareholders (Editorial Board, 2013). UKs largest insurer, AVIVA, is acquiring Friends Life at a grave time where all the life insurance firms underneath pressure from the new rules of UK pension which have activated a collapse in the sale of annuities. The firm has posted a rise of 6% in its operating profit for the year 2014 to 2.17bn, which is higher than anticipated. Aviva has rose to 556.5p after there was a 6% rise in the profits of 2014, aligned with the expectations of the investors and also announced 12.25p per share as a final dividend, which takes the payments for total dividend to 18.1 per share for the year (IFC, 2014). On the contrary Friends Life whose performance of the share price has largely been tied to the Avivas since the planned acquisition announcement by its rival was made. The share price rose to 424.4p by 4.5%. The insurer has reported a 38% rise in the full-year profits and has confirmed a dividend of full year of 31.15p per share which is subjected to the takeover by Aviva. This made both Aviv a and Friends Life the biggest toppers on the FTSE 100 index (Eichler and Maltritz, 2013). After the takeover Friends Life will disappear which in return will bring the cost savings of 225m, partially through 1500 the job losses. The chief executive of Aviva refused to give any details about the cuts citing that the company will consult the staff first. There are 16000 employees in UK, which also included 5000 in York and Sheffield based life and pension concern (Das, Raskhit and Debasish, 2009). There have been a lot of questions about the proposed merger. This would be one of the biggest deals in the insurance sector of UK after CGU merged with Norwich Union in the year 2000, which eventually created Aviva. This is the right acquisition in right time which will speed up the subsequent phase of Aviva. The new sales of Aviva declined 16% as the bulk annuity sales failed to overshadow a drop in the individual sales of annuity. The acquisition of Friends will enhance the management of funds in Aviva, which added 70bn, taking the total funds beneath the management to more than 300bn (Rodrigues and Stevenson, 2013). It is working on the orbit of the business which has very recently fined by the city watchdog for the failure systems and control and has paid compensation to eight funds of 131m (Das, Raskhit and Debasish, 2009). Link:https://www.theguardian.com/business/2015/mar/05/aviva-and-friends-life-annual-profits-takeover-insurer-pension-annuity-sales Story 2 Bank of England has warned of enormous financial risk from the investment of fossil fuel. Bank of Englands prudential regulation authority, the deputy head said that the investments in the fossil fuels and the related technologies will take a huge hit very recently (Chortareas, Girardone and Ventouri, 2011). Insurance companies may suffer an extreme damage if the investments in the fossil fuel companies cause severe actions on the climate change. This is a case of environmental issue which could be analyzed through the framework of PESTLE. Right now it is a risk for the insurers to invest in the assets which could be trapped by the changes in policy which will limit the use of fossil fuels. The companies should try to avoid the systemic risks of the economy. With the increased limitations of the carbon emissions in the economy and the move towards the alternative sources of energy, the investment in fossil fuels is increasingly growing in the recent financial market (Raugei, Fullana-i-Palmer and Fthenakis, 2012). The Deputy Head of the banks PRA told that he has already mentioned about this but it is yet to be infused by the companies. One of the worlds key banks warning came that the majority of the fossil reserves are unburnable if the limitations to the climate change is 2C as vowed b y the worlds government. Bank will provide the report to the government on financial risk portrayed by carbon bubble. The research director at Carbon Tracker Initiative has earlier mentioned that it is good to see that the major central bank is seeing the necessity to move with the times and realize the role which deals with one major challenge which is facing the economies today. All financial institutions should respond in the same manner and try to collaborate on the issue. A sequence of analysis shows that the existing reserves of the fossil fuels cannot be burnt devoid of blowing safe budget for the emissions of carbon (Raugei, Fullana-i-Palmer and Fthenakis, 2012). Recent study in the month of January has pointed out that 80% of the coal reserves, oil and half of gas would have to remain in the ground. In the Insurance Summit 2015 in London banks executive director Paul Fisher has mentioned that the policies which are designed to put a limit the emissions of carbon are to prev ent the catastrophe change in the climate and it would mean that the fossil fuels become a stranded asset. Companies have spent 436bn in the year 2013 only for searching more fossil fuels and investments that would be worthless if the activity on the global warming allows emissions. Professor of Energy Policy in the University of Oxford, Dieter Helm has told that there is no virtual chance of binding the agreement in Paris which will lead to the two degree limit to be successful. Along with the environmental issue this is also an economical issue. Fisher also mentioned that the changes in the climate impact the insurers from both sides of the balance sheets. They may be impacted by the increase in insurance claims; it also appears that the asset side will also give rise to the unexpected risk. He mentioned that the insurance industry has started taking steps of climate curve on liability side but not doing in the role as investors of long-term. The banks approach to deal with the sy stematic economic risk would change by the analysis of carbon bubble. The fundamental changes in environment may affect the financial and economic stability and also the safety and soundness of the firms with the possible inference to the banks. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/mar/03/bank-of-england-warns-of-financial-risk-from-fossil-fuel-investments Story 3 Recently IAG, British Airways parent company has been rejected by Aer Lingus for a takeover by its competitor. Aer Lingus has mentioned that IAG fundamentally undervalues the airlines. Willie Walsh, former pilot and chief executive of IAG has denied earlier on adding the Irish carrier company to bring with it the important extra take-off period at the Heathrow airport. The airlines industry has recognized target the competitors continued association with European Airlines (Barrett, 2006). Aer Lingus has mentioned that it has initially received an extremely conditional and non-binding attitude from IAG. Aer Lingus has reviewed the proposal and has found that the British Airways have basically undervalued them and the desirable prospects (Jeffers and Mignin, 2004). Here comes the uncertainty that if any offer will be at all made or not and so the shareholders are advised not to take any action. IAG issued a statement mentioning the moving price of the share of Aer Lingus and also confirmed that it has given a proposal for an offer to the company, which was rejected by the Aer Lingus board (Townsend, 2002). This competition between both this companies, to garner more passengers base and expand its reach to more places, has changed the business environment and has created an uncertainty about the takeover (Barrett, 2006). John Stickland, aviation analyst has clearly mentioned that there could be challenged and regulatory concerns from the other airlines on the grounds of competition. Aer Lingus was successful erstwhile against the tough economic climate even so a deal will give IAG a sound position in Heathrow. This cannot be merely termed as a takeover because it more of a competition in the same industry where uncertainty of takeover is been clearly seen here. Here one career group is being undervalued by the other. The competition has raised so much that Ryanair, an Irish career had also plans to buy Aer Lingus which was later thwarted. To garner more https://www.theguardian.com/business/2014/dec/18/british-airways-iag-moves-takeover-aer-lingus Conclusion Thus we see from the above mentioned articles the changes in the business environment. There were issues of takeover in the first article where Aviva has acquired Friends Life followed by Bank of England article where the issues with the environment being hampered with the investments in fossil fuel thereby affecting the economic condition of the country, the two factors of PESTLE and finally the competition of taking over Aer Lingus. The articles rightly points out the reasons why a company wants to expand or what is the impact iof an institution on the economy and the environment. It also shows the dealings of between two or more organization. References Barrett, S. (2006). Commercialising a national airlinethe Aer Lingus case study. Journal of Air Transport Management, 12(4), pp.159-167. Baye, M. (2000). Managerial economics business strategy. Boston: Irwin/McGraw-Hill. Beattie, V., Fearnley, S. and Hines, T. (2013). Perceptions of factors affecting audit quality in the post-SOX UK regulatory environment. Accounting and Business Research, 43(1), pp.56-81. Chortareas, G., Girardone, C. and Ventouri, A. (2011). Financial Frictions, Bank Efficiency and Risk: Evidence from the Eurozone. Journal of Business Finance Accounting, 38(1-2), pp.259-287. Das, B., Raskhit, D. and Debasish, S. (2009). Corporate restructuring. Mumbai: Himalaya Pub. House. Editorial Board. (2013). Journal of Economics and Business, 67, p.CO2. Eichler, S. and Maltritz, D. (2013). An options-based approach to forecast competing bids: evidence for Canadian takeover battles. Applied Economics, 45(34), pp.4805-4819. IFC. (2014). Journal of Economics and Business, 75, p.IFC. Jeffers, R. and Mignin, R. (2004). Global business workforce restructuring. London: Kluwer Law International. Raugei, M., Fullana-i-Palmer, P. and Fthenakis, V. (2012). The energy return on energy investment (EROI) of photovoltaics: Methodology and comparisons with fossil fuel life cycles. Energy Policy, 45, pp.576-582. Rodrigues, B. and Stevenson, M. (2013). Takeover prediction using forecast combinations. International Journal of Forecasting, 29(4), pp.628-641. Townsend, H. (2002). Foundations of business economics. London: Routledge.

Sonnet 130 And 292 Essays - Rhyme, Sonnet, Shakespeares Sonnets

Sonnet 130 And 292 The sonnets, 130 and 292, written by William Shakespeare and Francesco Petrarch, both shows their passionate love towards their woman and it is very interesting to compare and contrast the two. Although their passionate mind was similar, they differ in form, tone, and meaning. First of all, the form differs. The Sonnet 130 is written in Shakespearean (English) format, which has the rhyme scheme of a-b-a-b-c-d-c-d-e-f-e-f-g-g. It has three quatrains, four-line stanzas, and ends with a couplet, a two-line stanza. Unlike Sonnet 130, Sonnet 292 follows the Italian (Petrarchan) form. This has a different rhyme scheme that goes a-b-b-a-a-b-b-a-c-d-d-e-e, and it has an octave, the first eight lines which tells the story, and the sestet, the last six lines which the speaker comments on the situation. Although they differ in style, they both follow the iambic pentameter. Secondly, the two sonnets differ in tone. Sonnet 292, like many other sonnets, it idealizes the woman by using words such as the waving hair of unmixed gold that shone, the smile that flashed with the angelic rays that used to make this earth a paradise . (Lines 5-8) These words give the sonnet a very beautiful and heavenly tone. In contrast, William Shakespeare ridicules the physical appearance of his mistress by using words such as if hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head, I have seen roses damask d, red and white, But no such roses see I in her cheeks . (Lines 4-7) Although these words doesn t give a beautiful and heavenly tone, it sets the sonnet up for the meaning. The two sonnets differ in meaning greatly. The Sonnet 130, later gives out the meaning when the author says I love to hear her speak (line 9). He is stating that he loves her uniqueness, and for whom she is, not for her physical appearance. The author also gives a little moral lesson to the readers that people shouldn t love based on looks but for what they really are. In contrast, in Sonnet 292, the author grieves for the loss of his love. His sorrow feelings are well shown in the lines the vein of my accustomed art is dry, and this, my lyre, turned at last to tears. (Lines 13-14) He is saying that his art was motivated by the woman he loved but his desire and passion for art has run out due to the loss. It is clearly shown that the two sonnets differ greatly in form, tone, and meaning. I believe that this is due to the different time and society the authors lived in. But these two sonnets show that no matter the time and society, one s love towards another has always been passionate through out history.

Born Into Brothels Essay Example

Born Into Brothels Paper Zana Briski and Ross Kauffman’s â€Å"Born into Brothels† is a lengthy documentary that shows lives of seven children growing up in the squalid red light district of Sonagchi, Calcutta. Briski and Kauffman focus on the everyday lives of these children which include: drug addiction, abuse and beatings, rage and apathy that perpetuate their misery. â€Å"Born into Brothels† by Zana Briski and Ross Kauffman, is a documentary that is overflowing with symbolism. Photography is exposed throughout the documentary; the role of photography is to portray the opportunity that has been granted to these children for them to express themselves. The painting they would engage in was a way for these children to express their emotions through the paintings; Avijit was quoted when he said â€Å"I like to draw pictures because I want to express what’s on my mind†¦ I want to put my thought into colors. † Photography and painting was these children’s only way to express their true inner feelings; and that is why it is emphasized throughout the documentary. Briski symbolizes the children’s escape from the Brothels, a brighter future, and the only way out of their misery. Tone sets the mood in every movie, documentary, book, poem, etc. â€Å"Born into brothels† expresses a hopeless tone, because these children feel so loveless, bleak, and so many emotions that are portrayed in the documentary that break the heart of the viewer. Lack of hope is not only captured by the viewer, but also expressed by these children. â€Å"There is nothing called hope in my future† said Avijit, this makes the viewer feel sympathetic but at the same time hopeless; hopeless because one wants to reach out and find hope in the future of the children such as Avijit but cannot. We will write a custom essay sample on Born Into Brothels specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Born Into Brothels specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Born Into Brothels specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Sympathy is also a tone that is also depicted in the documentary as you see the depiction of overpopulation, deteriorating environment and crowded living conditions. The symbolism portrayed in the documentary can be compared to educators, because both bring hope in the lives of children. Educators play the same role that Briski, photography and painting played in the lives of these children in the Brothels. Educators bring hope, faith, a brighter future, and a second chance for many; which is what Briski represents in â€Å"Born into Brothels†. Without Briski, these children would have never found a way to xpress there pain, misery and sorrow; without educators we cannot grow, expand our knowledge, and we too would be hopeless. â€Å"Born into Brothels† is a documentary that stepped out of the norm, and truly expressed what life in the brothels is about. Briski’s courage helped mold and empower many of her photography prodigys. One of the greatests strength Brisk i had was her willingness to follow in the path that the project might have taken her. Briski embraces her subjects with sober, practical, optimism, the kind that heals even if it did not fix everything it desired to.

Free Essays on Finanical Analysis

Financial Analysis The May Department Stores Company May Department Stores Company began in 1877, David May opened the first store of what was to become The May Department Stores Company in Leadville, Colo., a silver-mining boom town. May headquarters moved to St. Louis in1905. 1910 the May Department Stores Company was incorporated. Earnings were $1 million. The company was listed on the New York Stock Exchange in 1911. In St. Louis, May acquired the William Barr Dry Goods Company and combined it with The Famous Clothing Store to form Famous-Barr. May Merchandising Company was formed under the original name of The Sostman Mercantile Company and became May Merchandising in 1969. The May Department Stores Company operates six regional department store divisions in the United States. . May Department Stores Company is more diverse than it’s direct competitors, Dillard’s Inc., Federated Department Stores Inc. and Saks Inc.. The department store divisions are Lord Filene's and Kaufmann's; Robinsons-May and Meier Hecht's and Strawbridge's; Foley's, and Famous-Barr, L.S. Ayres and The Jones Store. As of January 31, 2004, May operated 444 department stores in 36 states and the District of Columbia. May National Bank of Ohio, an indirect subsidiary, extend credit to customers of May's six department store divisions. May Merchandising Company, an indirect subsidiary, works closely with its six department store divisions and merchandise vendors to communicate emerging fashion trends and to develop merchandise assortments. In addition to its department stores, May's Bridal Group operates 210 David's Bridal stores, 460 After Hours Formalwear stores and 1 0 Priscilla of Boston stores. In July 2004, the Company acquired the Marshall Field's department store group from Target Corporation. May Department Stores Company is a collection of some of the most well-respected names in the retail busines... Free Essays on Finanical Analysis Free Essays on Finanical Analysis Financial Analysis The May Department Stores Company May Department Stores Company began in 1877, David May opened the first store of what was to become The May Department Stores Company in Leadville, Colo., a silver-mining boom town. May headquarters moved to St. Louis in1905. 1910 the May Department Stores Company was incorporated. Earnings were $1 million. The company was listed on the New York Stock Exchange in 1911. In St. Louis, May acquired the William Barr Dry Goods Company and combined it with The Famous Clothing Store to form Famous-Barr. May Merchandising Company was formed under the original name of The Sostman Mercantile Company and became May Merchandising in 1969. The May Department Stores Company operates six regional department store divisions in the United States. . May Department Stores Company is more diverse than it’s direct competitors, Dillard’s Inc., Federated Department Stores Inc. and Saks Inc.. The department store divisions are Lord Filene's and Kaufmann's; Robinsons-May and Meier Hecht's and Strawbridge's; Foley's, and Famous-Barr, L.S. Ayres and The Jones Store. As of January 31, 2004, May operated 444 department stores in 36 states and the District of Columbia. May National Bank of Ohio, an indirect subsidiary, extend credit to customers of May's six department store divisions. May Merchandising Company, an indirect subsidiary, works closely with its six department store divisions and merchandise vendors to communicate emerging fashion trends and to develop merchandise assortments. In addition to its department stores, May's Bridal Group operates 210 David's Bridal stores, 460 After Hours Formalwear stores and 1 0 Priscilla of Boston stores. In July 2004, the Company acquired the Marshall Field's department store group from Target Corporation. May Department Stores Company is a collection of some of the most well-respected names in the retail busines...

Marcel Duchamp Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Marcel Duchamp - Essay Example The paper "Marcel Duchamp" focuses on the important figure in the art, Marcel Duchamp. Particular to that was the avant-garde movement known as the Dadaists and the Surrealists: "the mission of the early 20th Century avant-garde thus consisted in undermining the idea of art's 'autonomy' in favour of a new merging of art into what he calls the 'praxis of life'." The work being examined in the following, falls within the genre of this movement, and thus, one of the running themes explored throughout this discussion, will address how L.H.O.O.Q. can be understood as an expression of the avant-garde of his age, and how this fits within the agenda of the Dadaists. In introductory terms, Dadaism is a movement that sought to deconstruct the relationship of art to the power structures that financed it, so to speak. By challenging the power relations surrounding the work of art, the further agenda of exposing the essentially "bourgeoisie" values are likewise a theme that is incorporated into t he actual pieces or works of art themselves. In 1915, Marcel Duchamp moved to New York City from Paris. In Duchamp's own words, he was not moving to New York so much as he was fleeing the art community in Paris which he believed was burdened by the history and traditions of European art. As he states: â€Å"If only America would realize that the art of Europe is finished – dead – and that America is the country of the art of the future. Look at the skyscrapers! Has Europe anything to show more beautiful than these? New York is a work of art, a complete work of art . . . And I believe that the idea of demolishing old buildings, old souvenirs, is fine . . . The dead should not be permitted to be so much stronger than the living. We must learn to forget the past, to live our own lives in our own time.† [Kalaidjian, Ed., 2005, 195]. In terms of the back drop of rejecting history or the tradition of art, the work in question eventually came to be known as a 'ready-ma de'. That is, a found object which has been altered or modified in a way, and then presented as a work of art. The work in question [APPENDIX A] is a reproduction of Leonardo Da Vinci's Mona Lisa, which is arguably, the most famous work that is housed in the Louvre in Paris. As far as the modifications go with this particular work, Duchamp has merely added a mustache and titled the work with the initials L.H.O.O.Q.. This title is supposed to be a pun or a play on the French: â€Å"Elle a chaud au cul" and as translated into English, the phrase means "She has a hot ass" [Seigel, 1995, 119] . There is an interesting controversy about the work, that it is germane to the very meaning of the work itself. One of the important aspects of a work like this, is the very capacity for it to be photographed and reproduced. Indeed, the technique involved with the work in the first sense involves photography insofar as the image itself is initially a photograph of the Mona Lisa: "photography was crucial in disseminating Duchamp" [Hopkins, 2004, p. 46]. The contemporary twist on the controversy occurred in 2006 when the art critic and editor of Art in America, had to issue an apology for misunderstanding the authenticity and provenance of a reproduction of Duchamp's famous work: â€Å"I was wrong in 'Dada Lives' to claim that Francis Picabia's bungled 1920 reproduction